MAAIF UMFSNP- FOOD SOURCES, FOOD INSECURITY EXPERIENCE AND NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE

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General Overview [All Regions]

Description	Results
Interview period	19-Nov-2023 to 18-Dec-2023
Total number of Respondents	1,363 (Male:238 Female:1,125)
Number of Districts	11

g1. What foods were consumed by the index child (6-23 months) or caregiver in the last 7 days [All Regions]

Note: results are from multiple-choice responses
Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	Cereals and grain- Rice, bread / cake and / or donuts, sorghum, millet, maize, chapatti.	673	16.75
02	Roots and tubers- potato, yam, cassava, sweet potato, and / or other tubers	482	11.99
03	Pulses- beans, cowpeas, lentils, soy, pigeon pea	336	8.36
04	Nuts- ground nuts, peanuts, simsim, coconuts or other nuts	303	7.54
05	Orange vegetables (vegetables rich in Vitamin A)- carrot, red pepper, pumpkin, orange sweet potatoes,	333	8.29
06	Green leafy vegetables- spinach, broccoli, amaranth and / or other dark green leaves, cassava leaves, bean leaves, pea leaves.	324	8.06
07	Other vegetables- onion, tomatoes, cucumber, radishes, green beans, peas, lettuce, cabbage, etc.	206	5.13
08	Orange fruits (Fruits rich in Vitamin A)- mango, papaya, apricot, peach	183	4.55
09	Other Fruits (Fruits rich in Vitamin A)- banana, apple, lemon, tangerine	142	3.53
10	Meat- goat, beef, chicken, pork	129	3.21
11	Liver, kidney, heart and / or other organ meats and blood	54	1.34
12	Fish / Shellfish- fish, including canned tuna, and/or other seafood	149	3.71
13	Eggs	72	1.79
14	Milk and other dairy products- fresh milk / sour, yogurt, cheese, other dairy products	233	5.80
15	Oil / fat / butter- vegetable oil, palm oil, shea butter, margarine, other fats / oil	116	2.89
16	Sugar, or sweet- sugar, honey, jam, cakes, candy, cookies, pastries, cakes and other sweet (sugary drinks)	156	3.88
17	Condiments/ Spices- tea, coffee / cocoa, salt, garlic, spices, yeast / baking powder, lanwin, tomato / sauce, meat or fish as a condiment, condiments	128	3.18
	Overall	4,019	100.00

g5. Sources foods consumed by the index child (6-23 months) or caregiver in the last 7 days [All Regions]

Note: results are from Roster Table
Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	Own production (crops, animal)	2,348	58.42
02	Fishing / Hunting	19	0.47
03	Gathering	18	0.45
04	Borrowed	7	0.17
05	Market (purchase with cash)	1,544	38.42
06	Market (purchase on credit)	51	1.27
07	Beg for food	2	0.05
08	Exchange labour or items for food	8	0.20
09	Gift (food) from family relatives or friends	8	0.20
10	Food aid from civil society, NGOs, government, WFP	1	0.02
95	Other	13	0.32
	Overall	4,019	100.00

h1. You and others in the household were worried you would run out of food because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	575	42.85
01	Yes	767	57.15
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h2. You and others in the household were unable to eat healthy and nutritious food because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	538	40.09
01	Yes	804	59.91
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h3. You and others in the household ate only a few kinds of foods because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	502	37.41
01	Yes	840	62.59
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h4. You and others in the household had to skip a meal because there was not enough money or other resources to get food? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	674	50.22
01	Yes	668	49.78
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h5. You and others in the household ate less than you thought you should because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	574	42.77
01	Yes	768	57.23
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h6. Your household ran out of food because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	723	53.87
01	Yes	619	46.13
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h7. You and others in the household were hungry but did not eat because there was not enough money or other resources for food? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	795	59.24
01	Yes	547	40.76
	Overall	1,342	100.00

h8. You and others in the household went without eating for a whole day because of a lack of money or other resources? [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
00	No	859	64.01
01	Yes	483	35.99
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i1. A woman needs to eat two extra meals during pregnancy [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,286	95.83
02	False	56	4.17
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i2. Red meat and liver contain iron. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,141	85.02
02	False	201	14.98
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i3. green leafy vegetables contain iron. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	993	73.99
02	False	349	26.01
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i4. Iodized salt is important for the whole family. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,304	97.17
02	False	38	2.83
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i5. A malnourished mother will usually give birth to a low weight child. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,229	91.58
02	False	113	8.42
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i6. Women need to de-worm during pregnancy. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,181	88.00
02	False	161	12.00
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i7. The lactating woman requires more iron than the pregnant woman. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	808	60.21
02	False	534	39.79
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i8. Women need iron and folic acid supplementation only one time during pregnancy. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	864	64.38
02	False	478	35.62
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i9. A woman who is malnourished can still adequately breastfeed her baby. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	894	66.62
02	False	448	33.38
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i10. Breastfeeding mothers should eat more than usual (have one extra meal). [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,262	94.04
02	False	80	5.96
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i11. Babies should be put to the breast within one hour of birth [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,268	94.49
02	False	74	5.51
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i12. Colostrum or the first thick yellow milk serves as the first immunization for the baby. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,269	94.56
02	False	73	5.44
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i13. In order to have enough milk a mother needs to breastfeed frequently (at least 8 times a day). [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,261	93.96
02	False	81	6.04
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i14. In the first six months, the infant needs water and/or other drinks in addition to breast milk. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	875	65.20
02	False	467	34.80
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i15. When breastfeeding, the baby's chin needs to touch the mother's breast. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,132	84.35
02	False	210	15.65
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i16. A malnourished infant and young child has more episodes of diarrhoea [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,241	92.47
02	False	101	7.53
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i17. Vitamin A supplementation is necessary only for children under 2 years [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	902	67.21
02	False	440	32.79
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i18. Breastfeeding benefits the baby, but not the mother. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	891	66.39
02	False	451	33.61
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i19. When a mother is HIV-positive, there are ways to decrease HIV transmission to the baby. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,195	89.05
02	False	147	10.95
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i20. Even if a mother believes she does not have enough breast milk, she can still be able to adequately breastfeed her baby. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,144	85.25
02	False	198	14.75
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i21. A mother can prevent sore and cracked nipples by correctly positioning and attaching her baby at the breast. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,186	88.38
02	False	156	11.62
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i22. The most important thing a mother can do to produce sufficient breast milk is to breastfeed her baby frequently, both day and night. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,243	92.62
02	False	99	7.38
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i23. Mixed feeding (meaning breastfeeding and giving other foods and drinks) before six months can cause diarrhea, respiratory and ear infections. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,143	85.17
02	False	199	14.83
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i24. A pregnant woman can continue breastfeeding [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	988	73.62
02	False	354	26.38
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i25. Expressed breast milk can be stored in room temperature up to 1 day. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	955	71.16
02	False	387	28.84
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i26. At 4 months, a mother should begin to add foods in addition to breast milk. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	579	43.14
02	False	763	56.86
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i27. Watery porridge is a better food for a 6 months old baby than soft enriched porridge. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	831	61.92
02	False	511	38.08
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i28. A 6-8 month old needs to eat 2 - 3 times a day in addition to breast feeding [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,281	95.45
02	False	61	4.55
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i29. The mother or caregiver should actively encourage the baby to eat all the food given. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,142	85.10
02	False	200	14.90
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i30. Carrots, mangoes, papaya, and green leafy vegetables contain vitamin A [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,265	94.26
02	False	77	5.74
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i31. Animal products and legumes are foods that help a child to grow [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,260	93.89
02	False	82	6.11
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i32. Mothers do not need support from the family or the community in order to feed their children. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	720	53.65
02	False	622	46.35
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i33. Children 9-24 months old should eat 3-4 times a day and have 1-2 snacks. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,235	92.03
02	False	107	7.97
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i34. When a young child over 6 months has diarrhoea, mother needs to increase the frequency of breastfeeding and the frequency of fluids and foods. [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,269	94.56
02	False	73	5.44
	Overall	1,342	100.00

i35. A young child who is losing weight during illness and not regaining weight after illness needs urgent medical attention [All Regions]

Code	Description	Freq	Percent
01	True	1,266	94.34
02	False	76	5.66
	Overall	1,342	100.00

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